Mini grafts: alternative to obtain complete plants of Pinus patula propagated in vitro

Micro-grafting and mini-grafting trials were carried out in order to obtain complete Pinus patula plants generated in vitro, derived from the fact that the formation of roots in micro-propagated shoots is very low or null. On the other hand, there is the possibility of generating clones with outstanding genetic characteristics. P. patula seeds were established in aseptic conditions and geminated in vitro in DCR medium; the aerial part was dissected from the base and roots were kept in DCR medium added with 0.5 mg l-1 of NAA to maintain them and served as mini rootstock, the shoots were transferred to DCR medium added with 2.0 mg l-1 of BA to form seedlings with an average of 3.9 shoots per explant at 30 days. On the other hand, 2-month-old nursery seedlings were used as rootstock for the mini-grafts. For the micro-graft tests, the shoots obtained were taken and the apical meristems with approximately 5 mm were isolated to conduct micro-grafting at the base with roots, and in the case of mini-grafts the shoots generated were allowed to grow to a length of 3 cm on average and grafted onto nursery seedlings. In both cases, the achievement of the grafted materials and the length were evaluated to measure the growth of the materials that had positive success. The response of micro-grafts was very low, 10% success, in addition to the manipulation of the meristems being very complex, which generated oxidation in the tissues. On the contrary, the mini-grafts showed 93.3 of grafting success and average growth of 26.05 cm, two months after the grafting proces

Evaluación de la eficacia de los métodos de mini injertos hendidura, t invertida y yema terminal en la propagación de plantas de naranja valencia (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck.)

The Valencia Orange (Citrus sinensis The Valencia Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck.) is the most cultivated in the citrus regions of the world as well as in Colombia, being the subtropical regions responsible for more than 85% of the world production. The Valencia Orange is of great importance in Cordoba due to its wide consumption and also because of its high nutritional content such as vitamin C, which helps to absorb other nutrients. In Colombia, small producers of plants for planting in the citrus area are unable to comply with the requirements of Resolution 12816 of 2019, mainly because of the costs involved in maintaining large mother plants under net house conditions. This research was carried out in the Laboratory of Vegetal Biotechnology of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Cordoba, municipality of Montería in the department of Cordoba, and its main objective was to evaluate the efficiency of three mini-grafting techniques in the production of orange Valencia plants. The rootstocks were obtained from cleopatra mandarin seeds (Citrus reshni Hort ex Tan) evaluating different conditions for germination. The seeds that were scarified achieved the best result with 100% germination. There were statistically significant differences between the evaluated treatments (P0.05). Three mini-graft methods were evaluated (inverted T, cleft and terminal bud) with 20 repetitions for each treatment, the cleft method obtained the highest percentage of successful mini-grafts (75%), followed by the inverted T method (37.2%), the method that obtained the less favorable data was terminal bud (0%). Bud length (cm) and number of leaves were evaluated. Bud length was analyzed with a Student t-Test for independent samples, where no significant differences were observed (P>0.05), for number of leaves a non-parametric Wilcoxon Test for independent samples was used. Significant differences between treatments were observed (P (L.) Osbeck.) is the most cultivated in the citrus regions of the world as well as in Colombia, being the subtropical regions responsible for more than 85% of the world production. The Valencia Orange is of great importance in Cordoba due to its wide consumption and also because of its high nutritional content such as vitamin C, which helps to absorb other nutrients. In Colombia, small producers of plants for planting in the citrus area are unable to comply with the requirements of Resolution 12816 of 2019, mainly because of the costs involved in maintaining large mother plants under net house conditions. This research was carried out in the Laboratory of Vegetal Biotechnology of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Cordoba, municipality of Montería in the department of Cordoba, and its main objective was to evaluate the efficiency of three mini-grafting techniques in the production of orange Valencia plants. The rootstocks were obtained from cleopatra mandarin seeds (Citrus reshni Hort ex Tan) evaluating different conditions for germination. The seeds that were scarified achieved the best result with 100% germination. There were statistically significant differences between the evaluated treatments (P0.05). Three mini-graft methods were evaluated (inverted T, cleft and terminal bud) with 20 repetitions for each treatment, the cleft method obtained the highest percentage of successful mini-grafts (75%), followed by the inverted T method (37.2%), the method that obtained the less favorable data was terminal bud (0%). Bud length (cm) and number of leaves were evaluated. Bud length was analyzed with a Student t-Test for independent samples, where no significant differences were observed (P>0.05), for number of leaves a non-parametric Wilcoxon Test for independent samples was used. Significant differences between treatments were observed (P0,05). Se evaluaron tres métodos de mini injertos (T invertida, hendidura y yema terminal) con 20 repeticiones para cada tratamiento, el método Hendidura obtuvo el mayor porcentaje de mini injertos exitosos (75%), seguido del método T invertida (37,2%), el método que obtuvo los datos menos favorables fue yema terminal (0%). Se evaluó la longitud de la yema (cm) y número de hojas. . La longitud de yemas se analizó con una Prueba t de Student para muestras independientes, donde no se observaron diferencias significativas (P>0,05), para el número de hojas se utilizó una Prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon para muestras independientes. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (P<0,05), con 3 y 5 hojas promedio.PregradoIngeniero(a) Agrónomo(a